GLOSSARY

Booting. The bulging of the leaf sheath due to increase in size of the young panicle and its upward extension inside the upper leaf sheath.

Coleoptile. The cylinder-like protective covering of the young plumule.

Caryopsis. The dehulled rice grain.

Dough grain. The stage when the milky portion of the grain turns into a soft mass and later into a hard mass.

Egg. The female ovum, pertaining to reproductive cells.

Fertilization. The union of the pollen (male) and the egg (female) initiating reproduction.

Floret. A unit of the spikelet, including the lemma, palea, and the flower.

Flowering. The stage when the anthers of the terminal spikelets protrude and shed pollen.

Germination to emergence. The period which is signified by the coming out of the radicle or coleoptile from the germinating embryo.

Heading. The emergence or coming out of the panicle from the flag leaf sheath.

Long-duration varieties. Varieties that mature in 150 days or more.

Mature grain. The stage when the rice grains in the panicle are yellow, fully developed, and hard.

Milk grain. The stage when the watery consistency of the caryopsis turns milky.

Ovary. The bulbous, basal portion of the pistil containing one ovule.

Panicle initiation. The stage when the vegetative primordium turns to a reproductive primordium.

Panicle primordium. The panicle at its rudimentary (earliest) stage of the development.

Pistil. The female reproductive organ consisting of the ovary, style, and stigma.

Plumule. The embryonic leaves of the young plant in the embryo. It is enclosed by the coleoptile.

Pollen shedding. The falling of pollen grains from the anthers to the pistil.

Primary leaf. The first seeding leaf, without a blade.

Primary tillers. Tillers arising from the lowermost nodes of the main culm.

Radicle. The embryonic primary root.

Reproductive phase. The period from panicle initiation to flowering.

Ripening phase. The period from flowering to mature grain.

Seedling stage. The period when a rice plant develops the first 5 leaves or so until tillers are developed.

Secondary adventitious roots. Roots arising from the nodes at the base of the plant.

Secondary tillers. Tillers arising from primary tillers.

Seminal roots. Sparsely branched roots that replace the radicle and are later replaced by the adventitious roots.

Senescence. The aging and drying of leaves and nonbearing tillers.

Short-duration varieties. Varieties that mature in 120 days or less.

Spikelet. The basic unit of the rice inflorescence consisting of the two sterile lemmas, the rachilla, and the floret.

Stem elongation stage. The increase in length of the 4th internode of short-duration varieties below the point where the panicle primordium emerges.

Tertiary tillers. Tillers arising from secondary tillers.

Vegetative phase. The period from seed germination to panicle initiation.